Interlocking building-tiles



' No. 748,989. PATENTED JAN. 5, 1904.

J. SGHALL.

INTERLOGKING BUILDING TILES.

. APPLICATION FILED NOV. 3, 1902.

2 SHEETS-SHEET 1* I H0 MODEL. I 1

I a a (A .invention.

UNITED STATES Patented January 5, 1904.

PATENT OFFICE.

lNTERL-OCKING BUILDING-TILES.

SPECIFICATION formingpart of Letters Patent No. 748,989, dated January 5, 1904.

Application filed November 3, 1902. Serial No. 129,902. (No model.)

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I,J OSEPH SoHALL,a citizen of the United States, residing at Evergreen Park, in the county of Cook and State of Illinois,have invented certain new and-useful Improvements in Interlocking Building-Tiles; and I do hereby declare the following to be a full, clear, and exact description of the invention, such as will enable others skilled in the art to which it appertains to make and use the same.

My invention relates to a novel construction in interlocking building-tiles, the object beingv to provide tiles which will relatively interlock to form a hollow wall, said tiles being relatively so arranged that each one of same engages twoor more of the adjacent tiles, locking the latter in position relatively to each other and so as to break joints with the other tile or tiles; and it consists in the features of construction and combinations of parts hereinafter fully described and claimed.

In the accompanying drawings, illustrating my invention, Figure 1 is a fragmentary perspective view of a section of wall composed of tiles constructed in accordance with my a wall' so constructed. Fig. 3 is a vertical section on the line 3 3 of Fig. 2. Fig. 4 is a horizontal section of a chimney constructed of interlocking tiles made in accordance with my invention. Fig.5 is a side elevation of said chimney.

Referring now to said drawings, A indicates the tiles forming one face, and B the tiles forming the other face, of a wall, said tiles being constructed to interlock with each other. To this end the tiles A are each provided with parallel flanges O on their edges, the ends of said flanges 0 being in turn provided with. inwardly-extending flanges D. Said tile A is further provided with a middle flange or rib E, provided at itsend with short flanges F, whereby two parallel practically dovetail recesses G are formed in each of said tiles A.

The tiles B are each provided on their inner faces with two pairs of parallel flanges H, provided at their outer ends with short flanges I, so arranged that the recesses be tween the inner face of the tile B and the inner faces ofsaid flanges I are equal in width entirely of full-length tiles.

Fig. 2 is a horizontal section of p to the thickness of the flanges D and F of the tiles A and so that the distance between the {flanges D and F is equal to the distance between the outer faces of the flanges H of the tile B. Thus when said tiles are fitted together, as shown in Fig. 2, they are movable only vertically with relation to each other, being rigidly interlocked against relative movement in any other direction. In buildin g a wall of said tiles the first layer or course of tiles A is made only half the height of the tiles B, and subsequent courses are made full height, so that the horizontal joints between the courses of tilesA will alternate or break joint with the horizontal joints between the tiles B. The same holds true with relation to the vertical joints between said tiles, some of said tiles A, and likewise tiles B, being only half-lengths, so that each alternate course of a given length composed of tiles A will begin and terminate with a half-length tile, while the intermediate courses will be composed The same holds true of tilesB, so that a'wall composed of said tiles will break joint in every direction, and each course of tiles A will interlock equally with two courses of tiles B, and vice versa, so that the entire Wall will attain immense strength and solidity, while at the same time it is very light, hollow, and weatherproof. It is not essential that mortar or cement be used in building a wall of said tiles; but in mostinstances it is preferable in order to render such walls absolutely impervious to weather.

The tiles A are preferably used to form the outer face of the wall, and to prevent rain from entering the horizontal joints between courses the upper face of each tile A is provided near its front edge with a rib K and on its lower face with a groove L to receive the rib K of the next lower tile.

My said interlocking tiles may be modified in form to suit various purposes, and in Figs. 4 and 5 I have shown same modified to render them suitable for the construction of chimneys. For this purpose only a single form of tile is necessary, such tile being provided at one end with flanges and at its other end with recesses to receive such flanges, so that each tile interlocks with the two next adjacent at each end, thus forming a. cylinder or polygonal prism. In Fig. 4 I have shown an octagonal chimney having a cylindrical flue; but this construction may obviously be modified to suit any desired shape.

I claim as my invention 1. A hollow wall having its opposite faces composed of two relatively interlocking sections, one of said sections being composed of tiles provided with parallel recesses contracted at their mouth portions, said tiles being adapted to be laid in courses to break joint with each other and said recesses being so arranged as to be regularly spaced throughout said wall and to register throughout all courses, and the other of said sections being composed of tiles provided at similar intervals with extended ribs enlarged at their outer ends and adapted to'enter and interlock with said recesses, said tiles of the last-named section being adapted to be laid in courses breaking joint with the courses of the first-named section,whereby each tile of each section will interlock with a plurality of tiles of the other section, and the spaces between the ribs and said sections will be continuous throughout said wall, forming independent vertical airshafts therein, substantially as described.

2. In a wall the combination with two sets of tiles forming opposite faces thereof, of a plurality of parallel ribs on one face of the tiles of one set so arranged that when said tiles are laid in a course said ribs will be regularly spaced throughout said course, and

flanges at the ends of said ribs, of a plurality of parallel recesses on one face of the other set of tiles so arranged that when said lastnamed set of tiles is laid in a course said recesses will be regularly spaced to correspond with said ribs of the first set of tiles, said recesses being undercut to receive the flanges of said ribs, whereby said tiles will relatively interlock, said tiles being relatively so arranged that each tile of one set willinterlock with a plurality of tiles of the other set and that all joints between tiles of the one set will alternate with the joints of the other set, substantially as described.

3. A wall composed of building-blocks of two forms, one having a body part provided with projections intermediate its extremities, that latter being devoid of projections; the other having end projections and a single intermediate projection; the two sets of blocks arranged on opposite sides of the wall, so that their projections interlock.

4. A wall composed of building-blocks each having right-angled projections as described, the two sets of blocks being arranged on opposite sides of the wall so that their projections interlock and break joints.

In testimony whereof I affix my signature in presence of two witnesses.

JOSEPH SGHALL.

Witnesses:

RUDOLPH W. LOTZ, E. F. WILSON. 

